Atualização em avaliação e preditores de via aérea difícil

Abstract

Maintaining patient oxygenation is a critical task and therefore difficult airway (VAD) management requires a rapid and coordinated response to prevent patient harm. Critical incidents involving the airways (AVs) can have serious outcomes, being, therefore, the most feared complications during anesthetic practice. Objective: The present study seeks to review the literature on difficult airway assessment. Material and Method: The present work consists of a literature review research on difficult airway updates, carried out from January to May 2022, in reference books in the area, in addition to articles acquired from the following databases: Pubmed and Science Direct, using the keywords: difficult airway assessment, airway assessment. Literature review articles that addressed the theme of the last 07 years were included. Articles that contained an association of procedures with difficult airway were excluded. Conclusion: After the analysis of the AV, when factors related to the prediction of complications are not found, it is expected that a trained and qualified professional will be able to perform the procedure without difficulties. However, when there are suspicions, the professional can use strategies to control AV, as well as a team specialized in handling special devices. These strategies may include: delaying the procedure (if possible and necessary), managing the AV with the patient awake, and plans to deal with the possible failure to manage this AV. It is also essential that the patient (or his legal guardian) be informed, clarifying any doubts about the procedure to be performed as well as possible complications.