O grêmio estudantil como mecanismo para efetivação da gestão democrática

Abstract

This dissertation is part of the research line Specific Curricula for Basic Education Stages and Modalities of the Professional Master's Degree in Education at the Federal University of Tocantins (PPPGE-UFT). The aim of this research was to understand the role of the Brazilian student movement in the creation and implementation of student unions in the Early Years of Primary Education and how this can be a mechanism for implementing democratic and participatory management in school units. The research was guided by the following question: what is the role of the Brazilian student movement and its implications for the implementation and strengthening of student unions in the Early Years of Primary School? The methodological approach was carried out through bibliographical and qualitative research with an applied interventionist focus. To answer this question, we sought to understand the historical and legal aspects that guarantee the participation and action of the student movement and school unions, based on authors such as Araújo (2007), Poerner (2004), Asbahr (2022), Freire (2007), Gadotti (2000; 2004), Santos (2007), Sanfelice (2008), Albuquerque (1977), Gonçalves Júnior (2023), Mendes Júnior (1982), Oliveira (2020), Saldanha (2005), Lagares (2008), Brito (2019; 2022) and Benevides (2006), as well as the contributions of the dissertations and theses found in the bibliometric survey. The aforementioned authors helped to establish the theoretical framework and to historicize the student movement until its materialization in the gremista collegiate bodies set up in the Basic Education Units, making democratic and participatory management a reality. As a result, it was found that, historically, the Brazilian student movement has suffered various obstacles to its political participation and that student unions in Brazilian public schools need to be encouraged to be created, implemented and institutionally strengthened from the earliest stages of basic education. It was also possible to verify that the UFT plays an important role in strengthening democratic management in municipal education systems in the state of Tocantins through the PRISME Program in terms of monitoring and evaluating compliance with the goals and strategies of the PME and PNE (strategy 19.4).