Hiperadrenocorticismo Canino.

Abstract

The report describes the activities carried out at the traineeship in the Hospital Veterinário Universitáro of the Universidade Federal do Piauí (HUV/UFPI), in the area of internal medicine of dogs and cats, in the period from 11 May to 10 July 2015 in Teresina, PI. In addition to the description of the activities, a literature review on the canine hyperadrenocorticism, followed by a case report was made. The hyperadrenocorticism or Cushing's syndrome primarily affects dogs of middle age. It is a disease with multifactorial etiology and the same common denominator, excess of serum cortisol. This endocrinopathy occurs in a natural way or iatrogenic. When naturally occurring, can be associated with the functional tumors in the pituitary and adrenocortical tumors. The iatrogenic form is the result of excessive administration of medicaments based on glucocorticoids, including eye drops and otologic solutions. The symptoms most commonly observed are polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, dyspnea, increased abdominal volume, endocrine alopecia and muscle weakness lenient. The diagnosis is complex, because this endocrinopathy does not have specific characteristics, and may be confused with other diseases or signs of senility of the animal. Can be performed blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis with bacterial culture and abdominal ultrasound, to increase the suspicion of hyperadrenocorticism. The definitive diagnosis is made through examinations of pituitary-adrenocortical axis, which include the ratio urinary cortisol/creatinine, stimulation test with adrenocorticotrophic hormone, suppression test with low dose of dexamethasone and the suppression test with oral administration of dexamethasone. The most used treatment is medication, using the trilostane, mitotane and ketoconazole. The adrenalectomy and radiation with external beam are the not medicated treatments that can also be carried out.