A relação mãe-bebê em casos de prematuridade extrema: uma análise sobre a formação de vínculos

Abstract

This article aimed to investigate the influence of extreme prematurity on the quality of the mother-baby relationship, in the first months of life, focusing on the formation of the bond between them. To this end, a literature review was carried out based on access to the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - Psicologia Brasil (VHL Psychology) and Electronic Journals in Psychology (PEPSIC). The descriptors (1) prematurity and (2) psychology were used. The inclusion criteria were articles that addressed the relationship between prematurity and the mother-baby bond, published in Portuguese, between 2003 and 2023. Duplicate articles were excluded, in addition to those in which the condition of prematurity was not related to the object. of this study. The results show that extreme prematurity imposes several barriers to the attachment process, especially due to prolonged hospitalization in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). The physical separation between mother and baby, the fragility of the newborn and the presence of a technical hospital environment make it difficult to establish the initial emotional bond. The study highlights the importance of humanized interventions that promote rapprochement between mother and baby, helping to create a stronger and safer relationship. It is concluded that multidisciplinary care and emotional support are key factors in promoting a healthier motherhood in cases of extreme prematurity.