Identificação de bactérias patogênicas de interesse clínico e perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos das amostras de superfícies de uma unidade hospitalar em Araguaína - TO

Abstract

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are one of the most common adverse events related to the provision of care in the hospital environment. It has an impact on morbidity and mortality and quality of life, in addition to prolonging the length of hospital stay, increasing the period of bed occupancy and the cost of treatment. Worldwide, multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major problem, as the list of antibiotics suitable for treatment is limited. Several studies have shown that surfaces in patient rooms colonized or infected with pathogens of clinical importance are frequently contaminated, since in published data, multi-resistant bacterial strains were found, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, predisposing or favoring the occurrence of outbreaks in both hospital and community environments. The general objective is to characterize pathogenic bacteria of clinical interest, related to hospital infections, in samples from inanimate surfaces in a medium-sized public hospital in Araguaína – TO and map the antimicrobial resistance profile to support hygiene strategies in the hospital environment. prophylactically against the occurrence of outbreaks of multi-resistant pathogens. The study was carried out in a medium-sized public hospital located in the city of Araguaína, which is a reference in the SUS network. A total of 50 samples were collected from surface sites close to the patient. For identification, biochemical and molecular biology tests were carried out. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby Bauer method. In cases of multidrug-resistant profiles, phenotypic tests for resistance enzyme detections were performed. 342 CFU were isolated and the following microorganisms were identified: coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (90%), Pseudomonas spp. (2.6%), S.aureus (0.6%) and E.faecalis (0.6%). Two strains were multidrug resistant, methicillin- resistant S.aureus and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp.. The data, therefore, provides support for adjustments to cleaning and hand hygiene protocols, in addition to providing data for planning actions that contribute to infection control.