Desempenho de características agronômicas para Milho verde com e sem inoculação de Azospirillum brasiliense

Abstract

Maize is one of the most important cereals in the world, used in animal feed and a small fraction of the corn produced is intended for human consumption. In Brazil, corn is the second most economically important crop, second only to soybeans. It is considered one of the crops with high nutrient requirements, and nitrogen (N) is one of the major responsible for plant growth and development. Among the ecological alternatives that help increase production efficiency is the biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen (BNF), the genus Azospirillum brasiliense are the bacteria that have shown better results in corn crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of maize cultivars that demonstrate potential use as green corn, as well as the effect of seed treatment with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense, evaluating, the productivity of ear with straw (PECP), productivity of straw-free ear (PESP), diameter of cob with straw (DECP), diameter of ear without straw (DESP), length of ear with straw (CECP) and length of ear without straw (CESP). The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Gurupi Campus in the year 2018/19, and the sowing in December. The first dredging was carried out with the application of two tons ha-1 of filler dolomític limestone, proceeding with incorporation into the soil through the pheaking and grading operations in the surface layer (0-20 cm). An experimental design was used in randomized blocks, with 4 replications, in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme, totaling 20 treatments. The experimental unit consisted of two rows of 3.0 m in length adopting spacing of 1 m between rows with an experimental area of 6 m2. In pre-sowing, seeds with fungicide and insecticide were treated. The evaluations were carried out at the phenological stage R3 (Pasty grain). The data were submitted to analysis of variance, after testing the normality of the data by the Shapiro-Wilk test, at 5% significance. Then, the Scott-Knott mean test was used at 5% probability. As the main result, we had the cultivar AG 8088 stand out, reaching the highest averages for the six agronomic characteristics evaluated. However, it was found that more experiments are needed in this line of research, aiming at comparing results.