A incidência da leishmaniose visceral humana em Tocantinópolis-TO: perspectiva territorial e cultural da saúde

Abstract

It is evident the epidemic situation of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis - LVH to which the population of Tocantinópolis - TO is subjected, mainly in the period from 2015 to 2018 Thus, LVH's combat practices, the development of actions and strategies that allow the promotion of health in context and within the principles promulgated by SUS can present an interdisciplinary approach in the perspectives of territory, health culture and life-world. The present work aims to understand the incidence of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis (LVH) in Tocantinópolis-TO, as well as the public practice of combating the disease from the perspective of the concepts of territory, health culture and the world of life. The research was qualitatively based on the Oral History and Life History, carried out in Tocantinópolis - TO, with a focus on those directly affected by Human Visceral Leishmaniasis, determining: subjects, locus, history, area of study, data source, study population with characterization of the epidemic and theoretical and methodological bases defining method, techniques, methods of analysis, among others. The way of life associated with sanitation, hygiene, afforestation, domestic animals indicates a possible consequence of vector urbanization and high incidence rates of LVH. They predominate in the places with the highest number of LVH cases, residences with characteristics and size of farm, as well as streets with many fruit trees, banana trees and streams in backyards. Each neighborhood, sector has a health unit with which health workers maintain a close relationship, but also where some conflicts arise, especially in what concerns the collection of animals such as dogs from residences that have proved positive for LVH. Individuals who have been infected and family members perceive the disease and name it in various ways, according to the degree of information about it and its experiences. Considering the territory as a space of appropriation, construction, transformation and conflicts, these dimensions are explicit in the reports involving dogs and other domestic animals, the agents and the community affected by LVH, in the way people appropriate spaces transforming the environment or even in the way they change their postures and ways of seeing the disease when they are informed and oriented about it. Thus, we consider that the recognition and respect to practices, beliefs, ways of life, knowledge, etc. may confer greater effectiveness to the promotion, prevention and care actions carried out by the health services